Leviticus 16:10

16:10 but the goat which has been designated by lot for Azazel is to be stood alive ¹  before the Lord to make atonement on it by sending it away to Azazel into the wilderness. ² 

Leviticus 16:22

16:22 The goat is to bear on itself all their iniquities into an inaccessible land, ³  so he is to send the goat away ⁴  in the wilderness.

Leviticus 17:11

17:11 for the life of every living thing ⁵  is in the blood. ⁶  So I myself have assigned it to you ⁷  on the altar to make atonement for your lives, for the blood makes atonement by means of the life. ⁸ 

Leviticus 25:9

25:9 You must sound loud horn blasts ⁹  – in the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, on the Day of Atonement – you must sound the horn in your entire land.

¹ tn The LXX has “he shall stand it” (cf. v. 7).

² tn Heb “to make atonement on it to send it away to Azazel toward the wilderness.”

³ tn The Hebrew term rendered “inaccessible” derives from a root meaning “to cut off” (cf. NAB “an isolated region”). Another possible translation would be “infertile land” (see HALOT 187 s.v. *גָּזֵּר and cf. NRSV “a barren region”; NLT “a desolate land.”

⁴ tn Heb “and he [the man (standing) ready, v. 21] shall send the goat away.”

⁵ tn Heb “the life of the flesh.” Here “flesh” stands for “every living thing,” that is, all creatures (cf. NIV, NRSV, NLT “every creature”; CEV “every living creature.”

⁶ tn Heb “for the soul/life (נֶפֶשׁ, nefesh) of the flesh, it is in the blood” (cf. the note of v. 10 above and v. 14 below). Although most modern English versions begin a new sentence in v. 11, “For the life of the flesh is in the blood” (see, e.g., NJPS, NASB, NIV, NRSV), the כִּי (ki, “for, because”) at the beginning of the verse suggests continuation from v. 10, as the rendering here indicates (see, e.g., NEB, NLT; J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 261; and G. J. Wenham, Leviticus [NICOT], 239).

⁷ tn Heb “And I myself have given it to you.”

⁸ tn Heb “for the blood, it by (בְּ, bet preposition, “in”] the life makes atonement.” The interpretation of the preposition is pivotal here. Some scholars have argued that it is a bet of exchange; that is, “the blood makes atonement in exchange for the life [of the slaughtered animal]” (see R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 2:694-95, 697 for analysis and criticism of this view). It is more likely that, as in the previous clause (“your lives”), “life/soul” (נֶפֶשׁ, nefesh) here refers to the person who makes the offering, not the animal offered. The blood of the animal makes atonement for the person who offers it either “by means of” (instrumental bet) the “life/soul” of the animal, which it symbolizes or embodies (the meaning of the translation given here); or perhaps the blood of the animal functions as “the price” (bet of price) for ransoming the “life/soul” of the person.

⁹ sn On the “loud horn blasts” see the note on Lev 23:24, but unlike the language there, the Hebrew term for “horn” (שׁוֹפָר, shofar) actually appears here in this verse (twice).